First, what is Roundup Ready? ラウンドアップ Roundup Ready is a trademark name for a patent-pending line of genetically modified crop seeds which are insensitive to the herbicide glyphosate, Roundup. These are referred to as ‘Roundup Ready crops’.
Roundup was created by whom?
John Franz, a Monsanto Chemist, found that Glyphosate is an active ingredient in Roundup in the year 1970. The use of pre-emergent herbicides was common in the ag sector at the time. They were sprayed before the weeds or crops appeared. The post-emergent action of glyphosate to control many grass and broadleaf weeds was distinct, and when combined with its exceptional environmental (soil inactivation, rapid degradation, no carryover, etc) and toxicological properties (extremely low toxicity to mammals and beneficial organisms) and made it an outstanding product.
When was the Roundup first introduced?
Roundup(r) was first introduced in 1974 as an insecticide that was broad-spectrum, quickly became a leading worldwide agricultural chemical. ラウンドアップ 影響 Roundup(r) was initially used along railway tracks, in ditches and on the fields between growing seasons. It allowed ranchers and farmers to manage grass and broadleaf plants that had sprung up from the soil.
The Roundup Ready GMOs followed.
Monsanto scientists saw the potential benefits that Roundup(r) Recombinant DNA product, could bring to farmers following the breakthroughs made in the 1970s. This issue was tackled by a small number of scientistsincluding Dr. Ernie Jaworski and Steve Rogers. The first systems for introducing genes into the plant were developed by this team in the early 1980s. After that we turned our attention to the development of virusresistant insects, insect-resistant, and Roundup-resistant crops.
It was well-known that Roundup can block the biochemical pathway plants utilize to make aromatic amino acids. Roundup’s high level protection for humans and mammals is due to the fact that glyphosate is able to be broken down quickly by soil microorganisms. Our research had already identified both microbial and plant genetics that conferred more herbicide resistance. Roundup Ready plants were first examined in the field by USDA in 1987. This was a Roundup resistant variety of genetically modified tomato plants that were resistant to Roundup. https://www.zennoh.or.jp/tc/einou/pesticides/ulv5/ A few years later the Roundup Ready trait originated from bacteria and identified.
Let’s look at soybeans to get an idea, by addressing the questions: what is Roundup Ready soybeans? And how are Roundup Ready soybeans constructed? Roundup Ready soybeans are genetically engineered soybeans which have had their DNA changed to be able to resist Roundup’s herbicide glyphosate. ラウンドアップ ラウンドアップ The soybean is resistant to Roundup since each seed has the gene that is afflicted with Roundup before it’s planted. Farmers can utilize Roundup Ready gene in their fields to spray and not harm their crops.
Roundup Ready crops changed agriculture and the field of agricultural science in 1996. Roundup resistance was quickly adopted by farmers. Today over 90 percent of U.S. cotton, soybean, and canola fields use biotech traits that allow for herbicide tolerance. https://mujin-heri.jp/yakuzai/js-55.html Roundup Ready crops have not only simplified and improved weed management methods, but also cut down on tillage costs and equipment costs. This resulted in easier harvests and a lower number of weeds. Conservation tillage has had an environmental impact that is significant. Farmers have reduced their energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions by using less plowing. This helps preserve soil structure and slows erosion. This was equivalent in 2013 to removing 28.3 billion kilograms of carbon dioxide (or 12.4 million vehicles) from the road. Source: PG Economy.